The Forge · engineering, computing & technology
Electrical & Electronics
From electron to amplifier to power grid — circuits you can predict before you build.
Ohm's law to Thévenin — direct-current circuits solved on paper and verified on a breadboard.
Syllabus · 4 units · ~32 hours
Unit I — Charge in Motion
Voltage, current, and resistance · Ohm's law · Power and energy
Unit II — Networks
Series and parallel · Kirchhoff's laws · Node and mesh analysis
Unit III — Theorems
Superposition · Thévenin and Norton equivalents · Maximum power transfer
Unit IV — Storage Elements
Capacitors and inductors · RC transients · Time constants in practice
The semiconductor devices behind every modern machine, and the circuits that put them to work.
Syllabus · 4 units · ~36 hours
Unit I — The Semiconductor
Doping and the p-n junction · Diodes and rectification · LEDs and photodiodes
Unit II — The Transistor
BJTs and MOSFETs · The transistor as a switch · Biasing
Unit III — Amplification
Small-signal amplifiers · Gain, bandwidth, and distortion · Op-amps and feedback
Unit IV — Building Blocks
Filters · Oscillators · The power supply
Gates, flip-flops, and finite-state machines — designing hardware that computes.
Syllabus · 3 units · ~28 hours
Unit I — Combinational Logic
Binary and Boolean algebra · Logic gates and truth tables · Karnaugh maps · Adders and decoders
Unit II — Sequential Logic
Latches and flip-flops · Registers and counters · Timing and clocks
Unit III — Designing Machines
Finite-state machines · From state diagram to circuit · A simple datapath
Registers, timers, and interrupts — programming a chip with no operating system to help you.
Syllabus · 4 units · ~30 hours
Unit I — The Bare Chip
What a microcontroller is · Reading a datasheet · Toolchains and flashing
Unit II — Talking to the World
GPIO · Analog-to-digital conversion · Pulse-width modulation · Serial protocols: UART, I2C, SPI
Unit III — Time and Events
Polling vs. interrupts · Timers · Debouncing and real inputs
Unit IV — A Working Device
Power budgets · A sensor-to-display project · Debugging without a screen
Generators, transformers, and the grid — how power travels hundreds of miles and arrives in step.
Syllabus · 3 units · ~30 hours
Unit I — Alternating Current
Why AC won · Phasors · Real and reactive power
Unit II — The Machines
Generators · Transformers · Three-phase systems
Unit III — The Grid
Transmission and distribution · Load balancing and frequency · Faults and protection · Where renewables plug in